Carl Jung
Carl Gustav Jung was a Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who founded analytical psychology. A former collaborator of Freud, he broke away to develop his own system focusing on the collective unconscious, archetypes, the shadow, and the process of individuation. Jung argued that beneath the personal unconscious lies a layer of universal, inherited patterns (archetypes) that shape human behavior, mythology, and symbolism. His work explores the mechanisms of the subconscious, the integration of dark impulses, and the psychology of power, religion, and personality types (introvert/extrovert).
Who was Carl Jung?
A Swiss psychiatrist who founded analytical psychology, introducing concepts like the collective unconscious, archetypes, and the shadow.
What is the collective unconscious?
A layer of the unconscious mind shared by all humans, containing universal patterns (archetypes) inherited from ancestral experience.
What is the shadow?
The repressed, dark side of the personality containing primitive instincts, weaknesses, and immoral impulses. Integration of the shadow is essential for wholeness.
What are archetypes?
Universal, primordial images and patterns (The Hero, The Mother, The Trickster, The Wise Old Man) that structure human experience and mythology.
What is individuation?
The lifelong process of integrating all parts of the self (conscious, personal unconscious, collective unconscious, shadow, anima/animus) into a whole, unique individual.
What is synchronicity?
The principle of "meaningful coincidence" — events that are not causally connected but are connected by meaning (e.g., thinking of someone who then calls).
What is the difference between Jung and Freud?
Freud focused on sexuality as the primary drive; Jung focused on spirituality, meaning, and archetypes. Freud saw the unconscious as a storage room; Jung saw a creative, collective matrix.
What are the psychological types?
ntroversion (energy flows inward) vs. Extroversion (energy flows outward), combined with four functions: Thinking, Feeling, Sensation, Intuition. The basis of Myers-Briggs.
What is the "shadow work" in power studies?
The inability to see one's own dark impulses leads to projecting them onto enemies. Power without shadow work is delusional and paranoid.
What is the Red Book?
Jung's private illustrated journal of his self-experimentation with the unconscious (1914-1930), published posthumously. It is the foundation of his later work.
